lesson pack 04

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término American English definición American English
sharply irregular on the surface or at the borders
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jagged
the jagged edge of the broken window.
optimistic, happy, cheerful
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upbeat
an upbeat business forecast.
to guide or lead on a course
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shepherd
The counselors shepherded the campers toward the waterfront.
in a skilful, clever, or quick way
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deftly
She deftly avoided answering his question.
to cause to vanish; alleviate.
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dispel
I'd like to start the speech by dispelling a few rumours that have been spreading recently.
approximately proper range
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ballpark
Your estimate is high, but still in the ballpark. Gave a ballpark estimate of future unit sales.
extremely surprising, because of being great in amount
adj.
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eye-watering
The oil giants' profits are eye-watering.
to cause surprise or shock
idiom
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raise (a few) eyebrows
Jemma's miniskirt raised a few eyebrows at the board meeting.
an abrupt or precipitous passage, shift, or transition
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leap
a leap from rags to riches.
an amount of money that you win or receive from someone unexpectedly
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windfall
Investors each received a windfall of £3,000.
a loss of trained professional personnel to another company or nation
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brain drain
Britain has suffered a huge brain drain in recent years.
to experience or be subjected to something
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undergo
a person who underwent great difficulty; a house that is undergoing renovations.
to turn something over quickly one or more times
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flip
I lost my place in my book when the pages flipped over in the wind.
to quickly or suddenly gain a very large amount of something
phrasal verb
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surge in something
The product has been surging in sales after receiving recommendations from high-profile doctors as a safe and effective weight-loss supplement.
less than or below something
collocation
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short of something
I was a bit short of cash, so I couldn't go with them to the movie. My father expects nothing short of perfection from me.
to do, accomplish, or fulfil exactly what is needed or sought after
idiom
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do the trick
The recipe calls for pancetta, but I think this regular bacon should do the trick.
to be done or dealt with
idiom
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get / take off one's plate
full of something unwanted
e.g., full of mistakes
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riddled
a book riddled with errors
something is in my routine
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to have something in my roster
a slip of paper on which a voter marks his or her choice; voting in general
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ballot
About 45 percent of the state's 2.8 million registered voters cast a ballot in the primary.
something allowed or given up, often in order to end a disagreement
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concession
make concessions
Both sides involved in the talks made concessions.
not attractive place because a lot of tourists visit it and it is full of things for them to buy and do
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a touristy place
This used to be a pretty little fishing town, but now it's become very touristy.
to take someone's attention or energy away from something
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divert somebody from something
Dealing with complaints diverts a salesperson from his primary task of generating sales.
of considerable size or amount; substantial
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hefty
a hefty serving of mashed potatoes; received a hefty bonus.
To have a small or limited amount of time available; to be in a hurry.
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be pushed for time
Don't plan an elaborate meal if you're pushed for time. We can just order a pizza instead.
impulsively; suddenly
idiom
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on the spur of the moment
to make an allowance for (someone), as in allowing more time to finish something.
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give (someone) some slack
not exciting or special
idiom
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nothing to write home about
Their performance was nothing to write home about.
an object that people collect as a hobby or an investment
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collectible
about to occur at any moment; impending
adjective
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imminent
For a man in imminent danger of losing his job, he appeared quite unruffled.
impossible to avoid or prevent; certain to happen
adjective
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inevitable
The accident was the inevitable consequence of carelessness.
a big mistake, especially one resulting from a lack of care or thought
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blunder
I made a blunder by getting his name wrong.
to utter impulsively
phrasal verb
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blunder out
He blundered his stupid ideas
to not spend enough time or money on something, or to not use enough of something in order to do a job or activity as it should be done
phrasal verb
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skimp on something
Many old people skimp on food and heating in order to meet their bills.
to make something that is already bad worse
verb
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exacerbate
This attack will exacerbate the already tense relations between the two communities.
a feeling of anger and shock
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outrage
to be outraged by something
Many politicians and members of the public expressed outrage at the verdict.
to move or act in opposition to something; oppose
verb
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counter
Extra police have been moved into the area to counter the risk of violence.
to violently rip or pull someone or something into pieces
phrasal verb
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tear up
Make sure you tear up any papers that have your personal details on them.
having an important and usually negative effect on the future
adjective
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fateful
the fateful day of President Kennedy's assassination
a busy activity that people do in a very forceful way
idiom
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rough and tumble
She enjoys the rough and tumble of politics.
a very large number of something
noun
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myriad
a myriad of choices
to search through something, especially a disorganized mass
phrasal verb
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pick through something
I had to pick through the rubbish to find my electricity bill.
a situation in which there is great confusion, violence, and destruction
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maelstrom
The country is gradually being sucked into the maelstrom of civil war.
directly and firmly
adverb
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squarely
She refused to come down squarely on either side of the argument.
careful not to take risks
adjective
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circumspect
circumspect about
Officials were circumspect about saying what the talks had achieved.
a way of thinking about something
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stance
stance on something
The doctor's stance on the issue of abortion is well known.
to form something from several different things or to combine several different things, in a complicated or skilled way
verb
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weave
be woven from
The biography is woven from the many accounts which exist of things she did.
badly organized or confusing
adj.
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muddled
muddled thinking
The book's message is hopelessly muddled.
to ask someone to do or not do something in a very sincere, emotional, and determined way
verb
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implore someone to do something
She implored her parents not to send her away to school.
to feel anxious or concerned about something
phrasal verb
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fret about something
The doctor won't have my test results for a few days, and I'm trying not to fret about it.
to prove a statement, opinion, or belief to be wrong or false
verb
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refute
Are you refuting the evidence?
happening as a result of habit, rather than careful consideration
adj.
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knee-jerk
When asked about crime, the mayor’s knee-jerk reaction is to call for longer prison sentences.

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