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término		definición
1. Operations empezar lección		The activities involved in the production and delivery of goods or services using resources like labor, materials, and machinery.
2. Quality empezar lección		The degree to which a product or service meets certain standards or satisfies customer expectations.
3. Cost empezar lección		The total expenditure required to produce a product, including materials, labor, and overhead.
4. Dependability empezar lección		The ability to deliver products or services reliably and consistently on time.
5. Flexibility empezar lección		The ability to adapt to changes in volume, product variety, or delivery requirements.
6. Speed (Throughput) empezar lección		The rate at which products are produced and delivered to customers.
7. Lead-time empezar lección		The time between placing an order and receiving the product.
8. Time-to-market empezar lección		The time taken to develop a product from concept to launch.
9. Procurement empezar lección		The process of sourcing and purchasing goods and services from suppliers.
10. Supply chain empezar lección		A network of suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors involved in producing and delivering a product.
11. Logistics empezar lección		The organization and implementation of transporting goods from one place to another.
12. Inventory empezar lección		The raw materials, work-in-progress, and finished goods a company holds for future use or sale.
13. Feasibility empezar lección		An assessment of how practical or achievable a project or plan is.
14. Vulnerability empezar lección		The degree of risk or potential problems in a process or plan.
15. Standardization empezar lección		Limiting variety by making uniform products or processes.
16. Commonality empezar lección		The use of shared components or parts across different products.
17. Modularization empezar lección		Designing products using separate interchangeable components.
18. Concept brief empezar lección		A short document outlining the goals, features, and purpose of a new product idea.
19. Roll-out empezar lección		The gradual introduction of a new product to the market.
20. First-tier supplier empezar lección		A company that directly supplies products to the manufacturer.
21. Second-tier supplier empezar lección		A company that supplies materials to the first-tier supplier.
22. Throughput empezar lección		The amount of work or production completed in a given time.
23. Virtual operation empezar lección		A business model where temporary teams or suppliers are used for a specific project.
24. Bill of materials empezar lección		A list of raw materials, components, and instructions needed to manufacture a product.
25. E-procurement empezar lección		Purchasing goods and services using digital platforms or the internet.
26. JIT (Just-in-time) empezar lección		A production method that reduces inventory by receiving goods only as they are needed.
27. Lean operations empezar lección		A management approach focused on reducing waste and improving efficiency.
28. Kaizen empezar lección		A Japanese term meaning continuous improvement in all aspects of a business.
29. TQM (Total Quality Management) empezar lección		A comprehensive approach where all employees work toward improving quality.
30. Six Sigma empezar lección		A data-driven method for eliminating defects and improving quality, aiming for fewer than 3.4 defects per million items.
31. Capacity empezar lección		The maximum output that a company can produce under normal conditions.
32. Control of inventory empezar lección		Managing stock levels to ensure materials are available without overstocking.
33. Perpetual inventory system empezar lección		A system that automatically tracks inventory in real-time.
34. Batch production empezar lección		A production method where products are made in groups or batches.
35. Mass production empezar lección		The large-scale manufacturing of standardized products.
36. Job production empezar lección		A production method where a single product is made at a time, often customized.
37. Project production empezar lección		A method used for complex, one-off products like construction or shipbuilding.
38. EPOS (Electronic Point of Sale) empezar lección		A computerized system used in retail to process sales and update inventory.
39. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) empezar lección		A technology used to identify and track items using radio waves.
40. Industrial robots empezar lección		Automated machines used in manufacturing to perform repetitive tasks like welding, assembling, or painting.
41. RFID tags (Radio Frequency Identification) empezar lección		Tags used to track items through radio signals, improving inventory control and traceability.
42. EPOS (Electronic Point of Sale) empezar lección		Systems used in retail that record sales and update stock levels in real-time.
43. Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) empezar lección		A company that produces parts and equipment that may be marketed by another manufacturer.
44. Outsourcing empezar lección		Hiring an external company to perform services or create goods that were traditionally done in-house.
45. Grants and subsidies empezar lección		Financial aid provided by the government to support businesses.
46. Infrastructure empezar lección		Basic physical systems like roads, railways, and utilities needed for business operations.
47. Proximity to suppliers/customers empezar lección		The physical closeness to suppliers or customers, affecting logistics efficiency and service speed.
48. Environmental considerations empezar lección		Concerns about how business activities affect the natural environment.
49. Screening empezar lección		The process of evaluating if a product idea is good and fits company goals.
50. Preliminary design empezar lección		Early version of a product design used for concept development.
51. Evaluation and improvement empezar lección		Assessing and refining product ideas and processes.
52. Prototyping empezar lección		Creating a sample version of a product to test its design and functionality.
53. Factory layout empezar lección		The physical arrangement of machinery, equipment, and workers in a production facility.
54. Packaging issues empezar lección		Considerations about how products are packed, including protection, cost, and branding.
55. Changeover time empezar lección		The time required to switch from producing one product to another in manufacturing.
56. Set-up time empezar lección		Time taken to prepare machines or equipment before production can begin.
57. Downtime empezar lección		Periods when production is halted, often due to equipment failure or changeovers.
58. Work-in-progress (WIP) empezar lección		Items that are in the process of being manufactured but are not yet finished.
59. Job/batch/continuous/mass production empezar lección		Different types of manufacturing processes depending on scale and customization.
60. Kanban empezar lección		A lean method that uses visual signals (like cards or software) to control production and inventory.
61. Forecasting empezar lección		Predicting future customer demand to plan production and inventory.
62. Capacity utilization empezar lección		The percentage of a factory’s total potential output that is actually being used.
63. Overtime empezar lección		Time worked beyond the regular working hours, often paid at a higher rate.
64. Subcontracting empezar lección		Hiring another company to carry out part of the production process.
65. Inventory system empezar lección		Methods and software used to monitor stock levels and reorder materials automatically.
66. Benchmarking empezar lección		Comparing one’s business processes and performance metrics to industry bests or best practices from other companies.

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