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Gerund after PREPOSITIONS empezar lección
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Gerund after CERTAIN VERBS: like, love, hate, enjoy, mind, finish, stop empezar lección
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Gerund as the SUBJECT of a sentence empezar lección
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TO+INFINITIVE After ADJECTIVES empezar lección
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This problem is difficult to solve.
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TO+INFINITIVE After CERTAIN VERBS: would like, want, need, decide, hope, expect, plan, forget, seem, try, promise, offer, refuse, learn, manage. empezar lección
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TO+INFINITIVE To express PURPOSE/REASON empezar lección
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I'm chasing this guy to earn my bread and butter.
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Stop! I'm tired of running. empezar lección
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This is a difficult situation to solve. I enjoy seeing you tired, but I would also like to escape.
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USUALLY: FOR CURRENT HABITS Melissa, a good English teacher, usually makes students repeat sentences correctly. This usually bothers Meritxell, her student, a little. empezar lección
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Melissa, a good English teacher, usually makes students repeat sentences correctly. This usually bothers Meritxell, her student, a little.
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USED TO: FOR PAST HABITS OR PAST SITUATIONS THAT HAVE CHANGED Meritxell used to take drugs, but now she doesn't even smoke. empezar lección
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subject + USED TO + infinitive Meritxell used to take drugs, but now she doesn't even smoke.
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BE USED TO: FOR A NEW SITUATION THAT YOU ARE ALREADY ACCUSTOMED TO Melissa is used to craving food all the time since she quit smoking. craving a very strong desire for something: a craving for chocolate empezar lección
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subject + BE USED TO + gerund or noun Melissa is used to craving food all the time since she quit smoking.
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GET USED TO: FOR SOMETHING THAT IS BECOMING FAMILIAR TO YOU OR TO WHICH YOU ARE ADAPTING. Melissa and Meritxell haven't gotten used to living without addictions. empezar lección
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subject + GET USED TO + gerund or noun
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Repeat after me: I used to take drugs. empezar lección
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empezar lección
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I wish you were here. I wish we were lying in bed together. You can use "were" for I/he/she/it.
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empezar lección
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to express regret or in reference to unreal situations.
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Wishes for the PRESENT and FUTURE empezar lección
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Use PAST SIMPLE or PAST CONTINUOUS
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empezar lección
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to express when you would like a situation to be different.
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He wishes they were lying on the bed. empezar lección
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to express when you would like to be doing something different. He wishes they were lying on the bed.
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I wish you would stop laughing at me. Now I wish you hadn't come over. empezar lección
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I wish you would stop laughing at me. Now I wish you hadn't come over.
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He wishes she handn't come over. empezar lección
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to express regret or when you would like a situation to be different.
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To COMPLAIN or express IMPATIENCE empezar lección
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Use WOULD+VERB or COULD+VERB
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empezar lección
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He wishes she would stop laughing.
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empezar lección
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He wishes he could make her disappear.
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You can use SUBJECT+WISH+PRONOUN in fixed expressions: empezar lección
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RATHER at The Museum of Modern Art empezar lección
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I would rather shoot myself than wait in line with all these snobs.
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Look and learn! You have to be an alternative artist. empezar lección
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Oh Daddy! I would rather just be a waitress.
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empezar lección
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He is a sex maniac rather than an art enthusiastic empezar lección
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means "instead of" or "and not". Normally used to compare parallel structures.
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empezar lección
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means "would prefer to...
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WOULD RATHER ... THAN is used to show preference between options. Elvis would rather be the center of attention than be just like everybody else. empezar lección
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SUBJECT+WOULD RATHER+INFINITIVE without to+OPTION 1+THAN+OPTION 2 Elvis would rather be the center of attention than be just like everybody else.
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empezar lección
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WOULD RATHER is used to show preference for one option over another. -Hey, Jeff! Let's get out of here! -I'd rather stay here. empezar lección
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SUBJECT+WOULD RATHER+INFINITIVE without to+OPTION -Hey, Jeff! Let's get out of here! -I'd rather stay here.
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She is distracted, or rather, she is pretending to be distracted. empezar lección
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Used to change what it is just said. She is distracted, or rather, she is pretending to be distracted.
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Marilyn had a rather tender look. empezar lección
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is also an adverb of degree. It means "quite". Marilyn had a rather tender look.
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empezar lección
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Connectors, also called linking words or linkers, indicate the relationship between ideas.
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The last clue drove Harry to the wood house on top of the montain. Maybe this would be the telltale clue. The weather was very bad and, (?), the car lights empezar lección
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The last clue drove Harry to the wood house on top of the montain. Maybe this would be the telltale clue. The weather was very bad and, in addition, the car lights
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the car lights didn't work (?) they had been shout out a couple of hours earlier. empezar lección
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the car lights didn't work because they had been shout out a couple of hours earlier.
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(?) all this, Harry managed to get to the place and get out of the car unnoticed. empezar lección
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Despite all this, Harry managed to get to the place and get out of the car unnoticed.
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The lights of the house were on (?) Harry carefully crawled through the bushes until he reached the window. empezar lección
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The lights of the house were on so Harry carefully crawled through the bushes until he reached the window.
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There he saw Elisabeth crying. (?), a shiver came over his body. empezar lección
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There he saw Elisabeth crying. Suddenly, a shiver came over his body.
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empezar lección
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Elisabeth was actually laughing (?) looking directly into Harry's eyes empezar lección
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Elisabeth was actually laughing and looking directly into Harry's eyes
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empezar lección
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empezar lección
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empezar lección
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for example (e.g.), for instance, such as
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empezar lección
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with regard to, regarding, concerning, by the way
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empezar lección
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and, also, too, as well as, in addition, apart from, besides, furthermore, moreover, then again
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empezar lección
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in short, in brief, in summary, to conclude, in conclusion
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empezar lección
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because, because of, for, since, as, due to, owing to
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empezar lección
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so, consequently, as a result, therefore, thus, hence
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empezar lección
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but, however, although, even though, though, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, while, whereas, unlike, on the other hand, anyway
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empezar lección
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firstly, secondly, thirdly, to begin with, next, lastly, finaly
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empezar lección
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at the beginning, then, at last, once, afterwards, suddenly, finally, in the end
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empezar lección
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obviously, particularly, in theory, in fact, especially
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empezar lección
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surely, indeed, undoubtedly, certainly, even so
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empezar lección
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A relative clause is a dependent clause that mofifies a word, phrase or idea in the main clause.
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A relative clause begins with a empezar lección
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RELATIVE PRONOUN WHO, WHOM, WHOSE, THAT or WHITCH The type of clause determines which relative pronoun to use. (in certain situations, WHAT, WHEN and WHERE can function as relative pronouns)
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There are two types of relative clauses: empezar lección
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NON-DEFINING CLAUSES and DEFINING CLAUSES
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empezar lección
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The information contained in defining clauses is ESSENTIAL. When deleted, it's nor clear who or what is being talked about. This type of clause is NOT separated by a COMMA.
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In this type of clause the relative pronouns used are: The woman who is pushing a stroller is her heroine empezar lección
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For people: WHO, THAT (and WHOM followed by a preposition). For things: WHICH, THAT stroller: a chair on wheels in which a small child can be pushed along SYN buggy British English
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empezar lección
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In non-defining clauses the information is NOT ESSENTIAL. When deleted, it's still clear who or what is being talked about. This type of clause is separated by a COMMA from the main clause.
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In this type of clause the relative pronouns used are: Exercise, which is supposed to be good for your health, is killing her. empezar lección
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For people: WHO (and WHOM, WHOSE) For things: WHICH (and WHOSE)
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empezar lección
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There are two voices in English: the active and the passive
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The dog bit Julianne's leg. empezar lección
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describes what the subject does. The dog bit Julianne's leg.
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Julianne's leg was bitten by some dog. empezar lección
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describes what is done to the subject. It's usually used when we don't know or are not interested in who performs the action. Julianne's leg was bitten by some dog.
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The passive voice is formed with: empezar lección
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It can also be formed by: empezar lección
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All the verb tenses can be expressed in passive voice. empezar lección
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The concert will be performed next week. The concert has been performed already.
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empezar lección
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to show the person or thing doing the action. The painting was made by a monkey.
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I would like him to be eaten too. empezar lección
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The pigeons are eating a worm. Worms are eaten every day all over the world.
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empezar lección
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I need a friend ASAP. She said she needed a friend ASAP. ASAP the abbreviation of as soon as possible
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There are two ways to repeat what another person said: empezar lección
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DIRECT SPEECH and REPORTED SPEECH
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empezar lección
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uses exact words in quotation marks. She said "I need a friend".
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empezar lección
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She said she needed a friend.
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empezar lección
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the past form of direct speech.
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empezar lección
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She said she needed a friend.
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empezar lección
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She said she was feeling alone.
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I've spent all Sundays watching TV. empezar lección
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She said she had spent all Sunday watching TV.
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empezar lección
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She said she would go to bed early.
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When direct speech uses a past form, empezar lección
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reported speech doesn't change.
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empezar lección
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I was looking for a better life. empezar lección
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She said she was looking for a better life.
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