Czasowniki = Verbs

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término definición
żałować (zrobienia czegoś)/z przykrością (oficjalne wyrażenie żalu lub smutku)/czuć smutek, ubolewać nad czymś
empezar lección
to regret
I regret my decision. / He said he regrets nothing. / I regretted eating thewhole cake. / I regret to inform you that I am unable to accept your proposal. / We regret that such a meeting has not yet taken place.
rozstrzygać/ustalać, decydować/osadzać się (kurz, szron)/uregulować, rozliczać/załatwić
empezar lección
to settle
I will let the judge settle this argument. / We have to settle the time limit for the competitors. / Dust settled on the books. / I have to settle my phone bill. / I have to settle this once and for all
swędzieć, świerzbić
empezar lección
to itch
Itch - swędzenie / Instantly the burning itch was gone.
My ankles itch so much they are driving me insane. - tak mnie swędzą, że doprowadzają mnie do szaleństwa
zanieczyścić, skazić
empezar lección
contaminate
contamination - zanieczyszczenie, skażenie
Chemicals can contaminate the soil. / We must be careful not to contaminate the environment.
pojawić się, występować, wydarzać się, zdarzać się/
empezar lección
to occur
The robbery occurred at night we were not at home. / Serious problems like this occur very rarely. / Changes that we didn't expect occurred. / This element occurs naturally in many types of rock.
sugerować, podpowiadać (rozmówcy, aktorowi)/naciskać/powodować, skłaniać, doprowadzać (do czegoś)
empezar lección
to prompt
Parents usually prompt their children to say thank you. / Can you say a little more? She prompt. / What prompted you to say that? / His affair prompted scandal in the neighbourhood.
mieć wpływ na, oddziaływać na/wzruszać, poruszać (kogoś)/udawać/atakować (o chorobie)
empezar lección
to affect
The Sun can strongly affect your plants. / I don't affect him, he does what he wants. / The novel affected me. / She affected a disease to avoid school. / The illness affected his sight.
sprawować władzę, rządzić/postanowić, orzekać/wymiatać, rządzić
empezar lección
to rule
Whe wanted to rule the world. / He ruled long as a wise king. / What has the judge ruled? / Dude, you rule!
oskarżać, zarzucać (posiadając dowody)/obwiniać
empezar lección
to accuse
accusation - oskarżenie, zarzut / You will not achive anything throwing around baseless accusations.
Residents of our city are occusing the police of brutality. / He was accused of stealing two thousand dollars from the store. / She accuses me of her own failures.
zarzucać, pomawiać, twierdzić (bez dowodów lub gdy dowody nie zostały jeszcze udowodnione)
empezar lección
to allege
allegation - bezpodstawne twierdzenie, insynuacja, zarzut, oskarżenie / A lot of allegations have been made against this report.
They allege that the company deliberately polluted the river. / It is alleged that the suspect fled the country shortly after the accident.
cytować/powoływać się (na coś)/przytaczać/
empezar lección
to quote
quotation, quote - cytat / It was only a quotation, said Jack. / What is your favourite quote from this book?
I quoted Shakespeare in this essay. / I was quoted in a local newspaper. / While arguing with me he quoted my own words. / I would like to quote the words my father said to me.
nadzorować, pilnować, kierować
empezar lección
to supervise
The teacher supervised three classes during the lunch break. / Ask Peter. He is supervising our project.
wymagać, wiązać się z (wysiłkiem, niebezpieczeństwem)/obejmować, dotyczyć, angażować
empezar lección
to involve
Every military mission involes danger. / This expedition involves a great risk. / The financial reform involves only the rich. / My new job involves more responsibility than the old one.
wskazywać, oznaczać, znamionować/zasygnalizować coś, pokazać
empezar lección
to indicate
Her test results indicated that she needs to lose weight. / A red sky in the morning indicates windy weather. / Her face indicated that she was mad. / She indicated a woman in a red dress. / He smiled to indicate he was listening to me.
przyznawać, zgadzać się (z czymś)/przyznać się (do zrobienia czegoś złego)/dopuszczać, przyjmować (kogoś do organizacji, szpitala)
empezar lección
to admit
You must admit he is a strange person. / Her son admitted to painting the wall with crayons. / They admitted him to a secret society. / We admitted her yesterday and sent her to surgery.
przekroczyć, przewyższyć (limit, granicę)
empezar lección
to exceed
The weight of the letter should not exceed 500 grams. / I am totally convinced that Europe will exceed our expectations. / You exceeded the speed limit. / Don't exceed the time limit or I will have to fail you.
przyciągać (ludzi, zainteresowanie, metalowy obiekt, magnes)/pociągać (pod względem seksualnym)
empezar lección
to attract
The advertisement attracted me to this film. / They say that opposites attract. / The magnet attracts the metal bolts.
zbierać się, gromadzić/zbierać (informacje)/wnioskować, pojmować, rozumieć
empezar lección
to gather
Let's go back, the storm clouds are gathering.
We've gathered here to celebrate together their wedding anniversary. / Why have we gathered here? / Gather all the necessary information and bring it to me. / I gather, you are not interested in flying to New York.
uratować, ocalić/oswobodzić
empezar lección
to rescue
rescue - ratunek (pomoc w niebezpieczeństwie) / The rescue operation was unsuccessful.
They rescued three people from the burning house. / It was late to rescue her. / We have to rescue the captives! / He's a hero - he rescued all the prisoners.
odzyskać (coś od kogoś), odbierać (bagaż),
empezar lección
to reclaim
You can reclaim the tax at the airport. / After his release from prison, he tried to reclaim his old life. / baggage reclaim (GB)
przekonać (kogoś, że coś jest prawdą lub sprawić, że to co mówimy jest prawdą)/namówić (kogoś do zrobienia czegoś)
empezar lección
to convince
Your explanation didn't convince me. / Do you really think that this poor excuse will convince me? / She convinced me to go on a vegetarian diet. / He convinced me to go with him to the party. / I am convinced that I am right.
opierać się/stawiać opór, sprzeciwiać się/stawiać opór, odpierać (atak)
empezar lección
to resist
You have to resist those cakes and sweets. / Don't resist your mother! / I resisted the reform, I have my own opinions. / The are planning to attack us tonight but we have to resist.
zaprzeczać (zarzutom), wypierać się (czegoś), dementować, negować/odmawiać (wstępu), odrzucać (petycję, apelajcę), wzbraniać (komuś, czegoś)
empezar lección
to deny
Access denied - odmowa dostępu
They had evidence that she killed him, so she couldn't deny it. / She denied being involved in the tax fraud. / They denied access to the computer files. / I was denied entrance to the library. - odmówiono mi wejścia, wstępu
winić, obwiniać, potępić
empezar lección
to blame
blame - wina, odpowiedzialność / He took all blame.
I couldn't blame them. / Don't blame yourself. / We both messed up, but she blamed only me. - obaj narobiliśmy bałaganu
wyrażać
empezar lección
to express
Don't be afraid to express your views. / I would like to express thanks to my mother for her support. / I can't find the words to express my feelings./ The research results are expressed as a percentage. / Should these values be expressed as centimeters?
uszczypnąć/uciskać, uwierać, cisnąć
empezar lección
to pinch
Somebody pinched his arm. / Those shoes are pinching my feet.
przełożyć, odroczyć, odłożyć, przesunąć
empezar lección
to postpone
I would like to postpone my appointment. / We will have to postpone this discussion. / The meeting was postponed until next week.
żuć, przeżuwać/gryźć, zagryzać, przegryzać (wargi)
empezar lección
to chew
chew - gryzienie/guma rozpuszczalna, cukierek do żucia, tytoń do żucia / The chew of toys has helped my son when he was teething - kiedy ząbkował / Do you have a chew?
He was chewing bubble gum. / Stop chewing your lips. / The dog was chewing the bone.
przeszkadzać, przerywać/zasłaniać
empezar lección
to interrupt
Please don't interrupt me. / We have interrupted him at his dinner. / This tree interrupts the view of the sea. / The skyline is interrupted by the buildings. - linia horyzontu
czołgać się/pełzać/raczkować/wlec się
empezar lección
to crawl
crawl - żółwie tempoz czołganie się / We missed the show because of his crawl. / I heard your crawl, you have to work on being more silent
The soldiers were crawling in mud. / The caterpillar is crawling on a leaf. / Her son started to crawl. / The car in front of us is crawling and we can't overtake it.
głodować, umierać z głodu
empezar lección
to starve
starvation - głód, śmierć głodowa / After four days they were close to starvation.
They starved the prisoners to death. / I'm starving, all I have had today is a slice of bread.
zawracać głowę, dręczyć/powodować ból, dokuczać
empezar lección
to bother
I told you already, stop bothering me! / My son was bothering me all morning, I am so tired. / My broken leg is bothering me. / My knee bothers me.
upamiętnić, uczcić pamięć, obchodzić (uroczystość pamiątkową)
empezar lección
to commemorate
A special ceremony took place to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the battle. / The city decided to rise a monument to commemorate the fallen heroes.
błąkać się, wałęsać się, włóczyć się
empezar lección
to roam
roam - wędrówka / His roam took him all night. / How was your roam around the city.
Why do you roam the streets? / Her eyes roamed through the room.
nękać, dręczyć, napastować, molestować, szykanować (praca, relacje międzyludzkie)
empezar lección
to harass
harassment - nękanie, molestowanie
Stop harassing me! / He kept harassing her with phone calls. / She left the company because her boss started to harass her. / The government was accused of harassing political activists.
uklęknąć, klęczeć
empezar lección
to kneel
She knelt and smelled the flower. / The knight knelt before the king.
prześladować, zadręczać, gnębić (kontekst polityczny, religijny, ideologiczny) (opiera się na tożsamości, jesteś inny niż my, musimy Cię wykluczyć/ukarać)
empezar lección
to persecute
persecution - prześladowanie, napastowanie. / It is important that we protect all religious communities from persecution.
There were forced to flee because the regime continued to persecute them. / Throughout history, various groups have been persecuted for their religious beliefs. / He said he felt persecuted by the constant critism from his colleagues.
warzyć (piwo), sparzyć, parzyć (kawę, herbatę), uknuć (plan, doprowadzić do skandalu), przyrządzić (napar, miksturę)
empezar lección
to brew
brew - piwo, browar/herbata, esencja/napar, wywar/mikstura/mieszanka (stylów) / I drank 4 brews. / This brew is very strong. / This brew of herbs cured me. / I had to drink a disgusting brew. / Her brew of styles is surprising.
They brew beer in a brewery. / I have a recipe how to brew beer. / I brew a delicious coffee. / They brew a plan together. / These photos brewed the scandal. / My grandma brews good infusions. The witch brewed an awful mixture.
nagradzać, przyznawać nagrodę, wręczać komuś/zasądzać, przyznawać (pieniądze dla kogoś, punkty w grze, rzut karny)
empezar lección
to award
award - nagroda (rzecz lub pieniądze), zasądzenie (zasądzona kwota pieniędzy), arbitraż / The awards ceremony is on February 20.
He was awarded two Oscars. / The court awarded me 300$ of reparation. / I hope they will award money to those children. / The team was awarded a penalty kick. / The judge didn't award us a point.
rozszczepiać, wyodrębnić, rozdzielać, rozłupywać
empezar lección
to cleave
The axe cleft the stump in two.
pościć
empezar lección
to fast
fast - post / The fast began last week and will last for a few more days. / Are you taking part in the fast?
She fasts from time to time. / We fast on Fridays.
ryzykować (coś), narażać
empezar lección
to hazard
hazard - niebezpieczeństwo, zagrożenie, ryzyko - The most serious hazard in space is radiation.
Never hazard your health for profit. / The troops were forced to hazard a crossing of the river under heavy fire. / I don't know, but I will hazard an opinion: this is the wrong road.
zorganizować, planować, załatwiać/poukładać, układać, aranżować, porządkować/zaaranżować (utwór muzyczny)
empezar lección
to arrange
Let's arrange a business meeting with him. / We have to arrange the date of this conference. / It was an interior designer who arranged our flat. / He was hired to arrange her composition.
pocieszać, podnieść na duchu/wspierać, dodawać otuchy
empezar lección
to comfort
comfort - dobre samopoczucie/komfort, wygoda/pociecha, otucha - You have to give students a certain level of comfort. / Our new car allows us to travel in style and in comfort.
I called to comfort her because she was very sad. / I tried to comfort the sad little girl. / He's very stressed before the exam, we have to comfort him. / My relatives always comfort me.
łączyć, mieszać
empezar lección
to combine
combine, combine harvester - kombajn
Combine flour, milk and butter in a bowl. / Combine all the ingredients in one glass. / We have to combine out effort to do that. / This genre combines elements of horror and comedy.
oceniać, poddawać ocenie, oszacowywać, określać (wartość czegoś), oceniać (prace uczniów), nakładać podatek
empezar lección
to assess
assessment - ocena, oszacowanie/wycena - Her assessment of the situation is far from objective. / We also need to discuss risk assessment. / I need an assessment of my car. / Did you prepare the assessment of my house?
Can you assess the value of this ring? / I can't assess how many people came to the concert. / My fiancee has already assessed the costs of our wedding. / I need to assess these homeworks by tomorrow. / Our government wants to assess those who are rich.
prowadzić, przeprowadzać (wywiad, eksperyment), dyrygować, przewodzić (ciepło), kierować, zaprowadzać
empezar lección
to conduct
conduct - zachowanie/prowadzenie - We don't approve of such conduct at our house. / I'm not happy with the conduct of our last meeting.
It's not safe to conduct this experiment outside laboratory conditions. / He conducts the academic choir. / Metals conduct electricity. / Does wood conduct heat? / Can you conduct our guests to their bedrooms?
Zawierać, wliczać, włączać/ujmować, obejmować (pozwalać komuś być częścią czegoś)
empezar lección
to include
Everyone was disappointed, myself included. / The price includes shipping costs. / You weren't included in the invitation.
usprawniać proces, poprawiać wydajność zwiększać efektywność
empezar lección
streamline
This tool helped them to streamline the process of assessing risk.
rozlać, rozlewać/wylewać się/rozsypać/
empezar lección
to spill
spill - wyciek/gleba, upadek, rozlana ciesz - This oil spill has had a major impact on the economy till now. / That spill made him lose a tooth. / You have to wipe up a spill immediately or else the wood will get damaged.
I spilt tea all over myself. / There is no need to cry over spilt milk. / Some guy spilled my drink. / Old ladies spilled out of the bus. / I have spilled the flour on the table. / Be careful with the sugar, don't spill it.
utrzymywać coś, konserwować, podtrzymywać/utrzymywać (finansowo)/twierdzić, mówić
empezar lección
to maintain
maintenance - konserwacja, utrzymanie
You must maintain a steady temperature to bake this cake properly. / I can't maintain you forever. / She maintains that she didn't even touch that chocolate.
osadzić, zamieścić/wstawić/wbudować (w system komputerowy)
empezar lección
to embed
You can embed a Youtube video directly onto your blog. / The engineer decided to embed the sensor in the concrete wall.
przestawić, zmienić układ (czegoś), uporządkować na nowo (coś)/zmieniać, przekładać (czas spotkania, zebranie)
empezar lección
to rearrange
When the summer starts, they rearrange the train shedule. / The match has been rearranged for next Saturday.
popierać kogoś/lansować, reklamować/zatwierdzać (dokument, fakturę)
empezar lección
to endorse
I fully endorse everything the chairperson has said. / The president endorsed this candidate. / That famous blogger is endorsing Coca-Cola. / The proposals weren't endorsed by the manager.
udawać
empezar lección
to pretend
I pretended not to understand her. / Susan pretended to be asleep. / Don't pretend you have not noticed.
wydawać (oświadczenie, rozkaz, pozwolenie, dokumenty)/emitować, wypuszczać (akcje)
empezar lección
to issue
The school issued a statement to the local press. / The office will be issuing the permits on Tuesday mornings. / The authorities will soon issue a new registration form. / A company issued new stock.
zwężać (oczy)/zwężać się, zacieśniać się/zmniejszać się
empezar lección
to narrow
I narrowed my eyes when I heard his words. / Be careful and stay close to me, the path is narrowing. / We need to narrow the gap between the classes.
przypominać, być podobnym do czegoś
empezar lección
resemble
She resembles her mother. / These mountains resemble The Rocky Mountains
rozmieścić, rozlokować (siły zbrojne, odsziały)/wdrożyć, zastosować (informatyka, komputery)
empezar lección
deploy
Poland is ready to deploy on its territory US troops.
wyprzedzić (osobę, samochód)/przewyższyć, wyprzedzić (sprzedaż, rozwój)/ogarnać, ogarniać
empezar lección
overtake
The car sped up and quickly overtook him, blocking his way. / Whe should overtake them within the next two miles. / Renewable energy may overtake coal as the main power source. / When I entered the house, fear overtook me.
unieważnić, anulować, uchylać, znosić (często w kontekście prawnym)
empezar lección
to annul
The court decided to annul the marriage due to fraud. / The government plans to annul the controversial decree passed last year.
unieważniać, anulować (często w kontekście prawnym, handlowym lub dot. formalnych dokumentów
empezar lección
to void
Any attempt to alter the ticket will void the warranty. / This action will void whole agreement. / The judge can void the contract if illegal activity is proven.
przeciwstawiać się prawu, ignorować nakazy, postępować wbrew
More and more students are defying their teachers and school rules.
empezar lección
to defy
dusić, dławić (kogoś)/tłumić (protest), hamować (rozwój)
empezar lección
to strangle
The attacker tried to strangle his victim. / The excessive bureaucracy threatens to strangle innovation. / She managed to strangle a scream and remain silent.
oznaczać, zakładać/sugerować, dawać do zrozumienia/mieścić, kryć się, zawierać
empezar lección
to imply
You always imply stupid things. / Are you implying that I'm stupid? / His answer implies a joke. / This sentence implies a riddle. - zagadkę
składać się
empezar lección
to consist
The committee consists of ten members. / The mixture consists of flour, sugar and butter. / The book consists of five main chapters.
przekazywac (rozkaz, wiadomość, podziękowania)/oddawać, przekazywać (emocje, treść)/ przewozić, dostarczać/doprowadzać (energię)
empezar lección
to convey
Can you convey the message to the boss? / The song conveys my every feeling. / He conveyed the furniture to my house. / The wires in your garden convey electricity.
pochylać się, odchylać, przechylać/chylić się (na wietrze)
empezar lección
to lean
He leaned towards her. / She leaned towards Jack and said something to him. / The trees leaned in the wind. / I was looking at plants which were leaning in the wind.
pocierać/trzeć, nacierać/wcierać
empezar lección
to rub
rub - tarcie, pocieranie - A rub of any two objects produces a sound.
Jack yawned and rubbed his eyes. / She rubbed her nose on my chest. / You should rub your leg with this lotion. / Rub this ointment into your skin. / Can you rub this intonmy back?
zachęcać, mobilizować, przekonywać/dodawać otuchy, wspierać/pobudzać, sprzyjać (złemu zachowaniu
empezar lección
to encourage
My friends are encouraging me to take part in the competition. / The traffic encouraged many people to use trains. / My role was to support and encourage him. / Lack of control encourages bad behaviour. / Ithink these games encourage violence.
kapać (woda, krew, olej)/ociekać (krwią)
empezar lección
to drip
The tap in the bathroom is dripping.
wchłaniać/pochłaniać, chłonąć/przyswajać/wsysać
empezar lección
to absorb
The sponge absorbed all the water. / How much more cake can you absorb? / It's pretty easy for me to absorb knowledge. / I quickly absorbed all the information. / The vacuum cleaner absorbed my earrings
zaproponować/zamierzać/oświadczyć się/wznosić (toast)
empezar lección
to propose
proposal - propozycja, oferta/oświadczyny/wniosek - What do you think about his proposal? / She accepted his proposal. / My proposal got ejected.
What do you propose to do? / I propose visit him next week. / He got down on his knees and proposed to her. / He proposed a toast to all the ladies in the room.
zdradzić (przyjaciela, żonę, kraj, naród)/ujawnić, dać poznać (emocje, wzruszenie)
empezar lección
to betray
betrayal - zdrada - He may look at that as an act of betrayal. / I voted against this betrayal of the general interest and democracy.
They got divorced because Tom had betrayed Jane. / Without realizing what he was doing, he betrayed the secret plan. / His strange motions betrayed his nervousness. / The child's eyes betrayed his fear of the dog.
zapiąć (pasy), zamknąć (torebkę na zamek)/zamknąć, zabezpieczyć przez zamknięcie (okno)
empezar lección
to fasten
Fasten your seatbelts, please.
zdać sobie sprawę, uświadomić sobie/realizować, wykonywać/uzyskać, osiągać
empezar lección
to realize
She realized her dreams of becoming a vet. / He realized a lot of money working at the company.
popełnić, dopuszczać się/przeznaczyć/skierować do komisji
empezar lección
to commit
They will arrest you if you commit a crime. / I committed a lot of money and time to raising my children. / This proposal has been committed twice.
podnieść/podwyższać/zbierać/poruszać temat/unosić/wychowywać/hodować, uprawiać
empezar lección
to raise
He raised his feet off the floor. / Raise a toast. / We want to raise the standard of our hotel. / We are raising money. / Do not raise this topic. / She raised her eyebrows. / She raised her children well. / He raised cattle on his farm.
domagać się, żądać/twierdzić/rościć sobie prawo/pochłaniać, powodować śmierć/przyciągać uwagę/zdobyć tytuł, nagrodę
empezar lección
to claim
Nobody claimed the money. / My ex-wife claims our house and car. / The war claimed millions of lives. / My article claimed a lot of attention. / He claimed the championship second time in a row.
pośliznąć się/wślizgnąć się, wejść niepostrzeżenie/wtrącić komentarz, uwagę
empezar lección
to slip
He slipped on a banan peel. / He slipped into a room. / Can I slip a suggestion?
przechowywać, magazynować, składać
empezar lección
to store
We store our merchandise in a safe place. / Store in a cool place.
kierować, zarządzać/radzić sobie/zdołać, dawać radę/uporać się/gospodarować
empezar lección
to manage
I manage a team of people. / How do you manage in the big city? / She managed to catch a taxi. / I'm sorry, but I don't know how to manage this task. / Manage your time well and you will be happy.
przedstawiać, obrazować/opisywać
empezar lección
to depict
The painting depicts Saint Joseph. / Her favourite painting depicts Ophelia. / He vividly depicted the whole event.
naśladować, imitować, odwzorowywać, kopiować
empezar lección
to imitate
They imitated an American accent very well. / Fans often imitate their idol's style. / She imitated animal sounds.
zachować, chronić/zachowanie, utrzymanie, konserwacja
empezar lección
to preserve/preservation
Chronić tradycję lub zagrożone gatunki zwierząt / Konserwować żywność / Zachować charakter miasta - We have to preserve our history and traditions. / We want to preserve the character of our town. / We should preserve endangered species of animals.
chwalić, wychwalać (coś lub kogoś)/błogosławić, chwalić (Boga)
empezar lección
to praise
praise - pochwała, pochwały/chwała - The praise I got from my teacher has helped me. / His praise surprised me, but it was very nice. / I will go to church and give praise to the Lord.
He has been praised many times for his excellent grades. / She was praised for being an outstanding publicist. / She praised her children for good behaviour. / She praises God for giving her two children.
zanurzyć się, pogrążać, wciągać (fizycznie, lub metaforycznie)
empezar lección
to immerse
After the tragedy, he immersed himself in work to avoid thinking.
Students learn best when they are fully immersed in the language. / She decided to immerse herself completely in the study of ancient history. / Before cooling, you must immerse the hot metal in water.
zajmować się, wykonywać/radzić sobie (z jakąś sytuacją, osobą, w trudnej sytuacji)/prowadzić, kierować/przenosić, przewozić (towary, zapasy)
empezar lección
to handle
She's handling the whole HR department. / I know how to handle difficult situations. / I can't handle my son, can you help me? / He is dead but I will handle it. / I can't talk right now, I' handling the car. / Can you handle these boxes to my new house?
ściskać/wyciskać (np. cytrynę)
empezar lección
to squeeze
He squeezed her hands. / Could you squeeze this lemon?
miażdżyć, kruszyć/zgnieść, wycisnąć
empezar lección
to crush
The car was crushed by a tree. / Crush the garlic and add it to the sauce.
zgnieść, pognieść (np. kartkę papieru), marszczyć (fizycznie)
empezar lección
to crumple
He deliberately crumpled the letter before throwing it in the bin. / If you leave that plastic bottle in the sun, it will start to crumple - zacznie się marszczyć/deformować
zginać/składać, złożyć (np. ubrania, mapę, krzesło, łóżko)
empezar lección
to fold
She folded the receipt in half. / Fold your clothes, please. / If you fold these chairs, we will have more space.
pękać/rozłupać, strzaskać/trzeszczeć/załamać się psychicznie
empezar lección
to crack
I fell and cracked a bone in my arm. / Squireels can easily crack nuts. / Stop cracking this plastic bottle. / She cracked after her husband's death.
rozciągać się/rozciągnąć, wyciągnąć/rozszerzać, powiększać zakres
empezar lección
to stretch
Always stretch before you start exercising. / I felt uncomfortable because I couldn't stretch my legs. / I'm stretching the range of my knowledge every day.
szczotkować, czyścić/ strzepywać, zmiatać
empezar lección
to brush
He is brushing his teeth. / Could you brush my suit? / She brushed the crumbs off the table.
wycierać, ścierać, przecierać
empezar lección
to wipe
Could you wipe the table? / She stopped crying and wiped her eyes. / I wiped the dishes. / Wash the plates and wipe them.
zgnieść, zgniatać
empezar lección
to squash
I have stood on my glasses and squashed them. / This hat is squashing my hair.
chrapać
empezar lección
to snore
Was I snoring? / She snores very loudly.
ziewać
empezar lección
to yawn
The man yawned and lit a cigarette.
brać udział, być obecny, uczestniczyć/uczęszczać
empezar lección
to attend
attendance - frekwencja - I noted her attendance at Comission meetings is very low.
Did you attend the lecture yesterday? / How many people attended the meeting? / I was invited to attend a very interesting conference in Rome. / He doesn't attend school regularly. / I attend church every Sunday
uczestniczyć (aktywnie), brać udział
empezar lección
to participate
participant - uczestnik / Did you participate in the competition? / He participated in my lecture so he passed the exam really well.
cierpieć, doświadczać/znosić, tolerować/borykac się
empezar lección
to suffer
He often suffers from headaches. / Many companies suffered financially during the last economic crisis. / Mike suffered a lot in his old job. / They suffer from dry, cracked skin on their feet.
pozwalać, zezwalać/pozwalać, umożliwić
empezar lección
to permit
permit - pozwolenie, przepustka, zezwolenie (konkretny dokument) - We need to have a permit to work here.
I will just copy that, if you permit me. / He is not permitted to watch TV after 10pm. / You should permit him to do what he loves. / We will not permit you to go to the party.
mrugać/mrugnąć (szybko zapalać się i gasnąć)
empezar lección
to blink
Blink twice if you feel you are in danger/ The red light was blinking on my laptop.
wpływać na coś, mieć wpływ na coś, oddziaływać na coś
empezar lección
to impact
Poor nutrition will negatively impact your health. / Facebook impacts the whole world.
dedykować/przeznaczyć, ofiarować (pieniądze)/otwierać uroczyście
empezar lección
to dedicate
She dedicated her book to her father. / I dedicated this song to my girlfriend. / I will dedicate half the money to cancer treatment research. / They dedicated that new hospital last week.
oświadczyć, oznajmić, ogłaszać/wygłosić (co się myśli)/wypowiadać (wojnę)/wykazywać (dochody)
empezar lección
to declare
This country declared independence in 2002. / She declared her opinion and everyone was shocked. / GB declared war on Germany in 1939. / I declared my income to get a loan.
zmagać się, borykać się/szarpać się/użerać się
empezar lección
to struggle
They struggled with poverty for years. / She has to struggle with her illness alone because she has no family. / The thief struggled with the police officer. / I struggled with Tom but he was stronger than me.
szeptać
empezar lección
to whisper
whisper - szept, plotka - It was no louder than a whisper. / I heard whispers that Jack and Kate broke up.
He whispered some words into her ear. / "Come with me", Tom whispered.
plotkować
empezar lección
to gossip
gossip - plotka, plotkarz - Tell me all the latest gossip. / She spreads gossip about my husband. / My best friend is a terrible gossip.
She loves to gossip. / She often gossips about Annie behind her back. /
kłócić się, sprzeczać/uzasadnić, argumentować, twierdzić/dowodzić czegoś, utrzymywać
empezar lección
to argue
argument - kłótnia - They have just had another argument.
argument - kłótnia / They argue all the time. / How can you argue your proposition? / This scientist argues that the theory of evolution is false.
przeklinać/przysięgać/zaprzysięgać
empezar lección
to swear
Stop swearing! There are children around us. / People swear when they are nervous or angry. / I swear that's the truth! / He swore he wouldn't tell anyone. / We have to swear a witness.
być świadkiem (przestępstwa, ataku, zmian)/ doświadczać/poświadczyć/dawać świadectwo wiary
empezar lección
to witness
Yesterday I witnessed a car accident. /We witnessed a great development od technology over the last 10 years. / Have you witnessed the financial crisis? / She witnessed our credibility and let us in. / I witness my faith by going to church
ostrzegać, upominać, uprzedzać
empezar lección
to warn
warning - ostrzeżenie, przestroga, upomnienie - This is my last warning. Next time you're going to write a test. / He started to shoot without warning.
warning - ostrzeżenie, przestroga, upomnienie / I warn you, it will hurt. / You should warn him that the trip will be dangerous.
krzyczeć, wrzeszczeć (wydawać hałaśliwy dźwięk)/wyć
empezar lección
to scream
scream - krzyk, wrzask/wycie, huk (samolotu) - The scream of the plane woke up our son.
She screamed at the sight of the spider. / The police siren screamed so loud that it woke me up.
krzyczeć(mówić bardzo głośno)/postawić kolejkę
empezar lección
to shout
shout - krzyk, okrzyk/tura, kolej (na kupienie drinka) - I have heard a loud shout. / It's your shout now, I've bought the last one.
He was shouting at her. / Why are you shouting. / She shouted another round. / I've heard a loud shout.
spadać (ceny), obniżać (produkcję), zmniejszać się (zainteresowanie)/odmawiać, odrzucać (prośbę, ofertę)/zanikać (mięśnie), ubywać (sił), podupadać (zdrowie)/chylić się ku końcowi/obniżać się (teren)
empezar lección
to decline
The salesman income has rapidly declined. / People's interest in the artist's music declined. / The Prime Minister declined to answer about his life. / His muscles tottaly declined. / After the tape scandal the government was declining. /
określać, ustalać (fakty, przyczyny)/determinować, wyznaczać, rozstrzygać
empezar lección
to determine
We haven't determined this yet. / The lie-detector will determine if he's telling the truth. / We are unable to determine his position. / Don't let that fail determine the rest of your life. / We have determined the date of our wedding.
uzyskiwać, otrzymywać (pozwolenie)
empezar lección
to obtain
We have obtained what we wanted. / How can I obtain permission to use copyrighted material?
przejść na emeryturę/opuszczać, odchodzić/wycofywać się
empezar lección
to retire
There are so many things I plan to do when I retire. / He retired from Formula 1 after a serious accident. / The army retired to the forest.
zatrzymywać (gdzieś tymczasowo), trzymać (w areszcie)/opóźniać, zatrzymywać kogoś
empezar lección
to detain
He has been detained by security because of his suspicious behaviour at the airport. / He was detained by a snow storm.
odnosić się do czegoś, nawiązywać do czegoś/kierować kogoś do czegoś, odsyłać gdzieś
empezar lección
to refer
The new policy only refers to employees hired after January 1st. / When I said "the expert" I was referring to Ms. Smith. / My doctor decided to refer me to a specialist. / I will refer you to a blood test.
rozpoznawać (coś, kogoś)/uznawać, rozpoznawać ważność czegoś (w świetle prawa)/docenić, uznawać (wysiłek, osiągnięcia)
empezar lección
to recognize
She didn't recognize any of the names. / I only hoped she would recognise me. / The court recognized our right to protest. / I recognize your effort. / Don't worry, your achievements will be recognised.
uciekać, umykać
empezar lección
to flee
It will be hard for them to flee this time. / People flee from war.
wykluczać, pomijać/nie obejmować/wykluczać, wyłączać, zawieszać (ucznia)/zamykać dostęp (do słońca, tlenu)
empezar lección
to exclude
He excluded me from the trip. / The price exludes accommodation. / John was excluded because of his bad behaviour. / They excluded the sunlight in this room by planting that big tree.
przechylać (szklankę), przekrzywiać (głowę)/przychylić się (do czegoś), skłaniać się (do czegoś)/atakować lancą
empezar lección
to tilt
tilt - nachylenie, przechylenie (szklanki), przekrzywienie (głowy)/przychylanie się/atak słowny, napad (ostra krytyka) - His speech resulted in an unexpected tilt from press.
Tilt your head a bit to the left. / She wanted him to tilt to her cause. / He tilted his opponent, knocking him off the horse.
składać apelację, apelować, odwoływać się, składać odwołanie/zwracać się, uciekać się (do kogoś w jakimś celu)/ oddziaływać na coś, wpływać
empezar lección
to appeal
The businessman found the decision unjust and appealed to the Supreme Court. / He appealed to a higher court instance. / I appeal to your conscience to stop beating her! / They banned beer advertisement, because they might wrongly appeal to teenagers.
zmieniać, modyfikować/przerabiać (ubranie)/kastrować, sterylizować (zwierzę)
empezar lección
to alter
Why would you want to alter your appearance? / One of the pictures has been altered. / He altered his lifestyle when he found out he was sick. / I altered my dress.
spowodować, wywołać
empezar lección
to cause
The heavy rain caused a flood. / The fever was caused by a virus.
nosić, dźwigać/przewozić/doprowadzać, odprowadzać/przenosić, nieść z sobą (nurt wody, wiatr, torębkę, pieniądze, zagrożenie, ryzyko), być odpowiedzialnym
empezar lección
to carry
Flu carries a lot of potential complications. / I carry for this whole company.
Many police officers carry guns. / This bus can carry a hundred passengers. / The sewage is carried out of the city through pipes. / The river carried the boat to the sea. / She always carries her bag with herself.
schylać się, schylać/zginać/zakręcać, wić się
empezar lección
to bend
bend - zakręt, łuk/zgięcie/skłon - Watch out, there is a sharp bend ahead of us. / I have a bruise in the bend of my elbow. / I couldn't even make a bend after all these exercises.
Can you bend and pick up the trash? / She bent her head and looked at her feet. / The grass bends in the wind. / If you can't bend your arm it means it's broken. / The road was dangerously bending.
zakazywać, zabraniać/uniemożliwiać
empezar lección
to prohibit
prohibition - zakaz - The president proclaimed the prohibition of trading at weekends.
The state may not prohibit relationships because of religion or sexual orientation. / Asthma prohibited me from being a teacher.
ogłaszać, obwieszczać, oznajmiać/świadczyć o (czymś)
empezar lección
to proclaim
They proclaimed their independence many years ago. / He was proclaimed a king. / This piece of evidence proclaims that he's innocent. / He's guilty and his actions proclaim that.
stać/znieść, wytrzymać (coś)/postawić, ustawić/być usytuowanym, umiejscowionym/tolerować, akceptować/mieć wysokość/obowiązywać/osiągac poziom
empezar lección
to stand
The water in the river stood the emergency level.
Stand still for a moment. / I can't stand you! / She stood the vase on the table. / The hotel stands ona hill. / I barely stand this person in my house. / The building stands 200m. / The law stands for everybody.
zapobiegać, uniemożliwiać
empezar lección
to prevent
Taking vitamins prevents various diseases. / We have prevented a big disaster. / They couldn't do anything to prevent the problem.
śmierdzieć, cuchnąć/być beznadziejnym, być do dupy
empezar lección
to stink
Your feet stink! / Something must have died behing the wall, it has stunk for days. / I'm sorry but this movie stinks.

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