Chapter 3 words

scatterplot

a graphic representation of bivariate (2 variable) data as a set of points in the plane that have Cartesian coordinates equal to corresponding values of the two variates.

response variable

(statistics) a more modern term for dependent variable (output or effect)

expanatory variable

a statistical term for independent variable (input or 'cause' variable)

regression outliers

values that seem a greater distance away from the regression equation (line or curve)

least squares method

a method creating a regression line or estimating values from a set of observations by minimizing the sum of the squares of the differences between the observations and the values to be found.

correlation

the degree to which two or more attributes or measurements on the same group of elements show a tendency to vary together.

contingency table

the frequency distribution for a two-way statistical classification.

lurking variable

a variable that is not included as an explanatory or response variable in the analysis but can affect the interpretation of relationships between variables.

regression line

the frequency distribution for a two-way statistical classification.

simpson's paradox

is a paradox in probability and statistics, in which a trend appears in different groups of data but disappears or reverses when these groups are combined. It is sometimes given the impersonal title reversal paradox or amalgamation paradox.