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adjective C1 • synonyms: identifiable, familiar, distinct • recognizable voice / logo / pattern / skyline • freq in AmE: 6/10
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able to be identified or acknowledged from previous knowledge, appearance, or characteristics; familiar enough to be noticed or named
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adjective [after verb, not before noun ] C2 formal • synonyms: full of, rich in, saturated with • replete with detail/imagery/symbolism/irony; replete with references/errors/emotion • freq in AmE: 4/10
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fully or abundantly supplied or filled with something; often used to describe richness, variety, or saturation — whether literal (food, detail) or metaphorical (emotion, symbolism, irony)
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adjective C2 • synonyms: disgraceful, shameful, deplorable • reprehensible conduct/behavior/attitude; morally/utterly reprehensible • freq in AmE: 5/10
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morally wrong and deserving strong criticism; used to describe actions, behavior, or attitudes that provoke condemnation
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collocation with rigid adjective C2 • synonyms: hard data, inflexible figures, raw metrics • rigid statistics in reports/policy; rely on rigid statistics; rigid vs nuanced data; challenge rigid statistics with context • freq in AmE: 4/10
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statistical data presented in a strict, inflexible, or unyielding manner; often used to emphasize objectivity, precision, or the inability to account for nuance or human factors
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adjective [before noun ] C2 • synonyms: conservative, careful, hesitant • risk-averse investor/leader/strategy/approach • become/remain/stay risk-averse; act in a risk-averse way • freq in AmE: 6/10
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unwilling to take risks or engage in actions that involve uncertainty or potential loss; often used in financial, professional, or psychological contexts to describe cautious behavior or decision-making
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adjective C2 • synonyms: withdrawn, solitary, private • a reclusive writer/celebrity/person; live a reclusive life; remain reclusive despite fame • freq in AmE: 5/10
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preferring to live in isolation and avoid social interaction; withdrawn from society or public life
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adjective C1 • synonyms: evocative, suggestive, redolent • be reminiscent of something; sound/look/feel reminiscent of X • reminiscent tone/style/gesture/atmosphere • freq in AmE: 5/10
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tending to remind one of something; having qualities or features that evoke memories, associations, or similarities with something else — often used to describe style, atmosphere, or emotional tone
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adjective C1 • synonyms: mutual, shared, balanced, returned • reciprocal respect/love/relationship/obligations • freq in AmE: 6/10
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given, felt, or done in return; mutual and balanced — describing relationships, actions, or feelings that are shared equally between two parties; also used in mathematics to denote inverse values
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collocation with rigid adjective C2 • synonyms: inflexible rules, strict regulations, rigid norms • impose/challenge rigid rules • freq in AmE: 6/10
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rules or regulations that are strict, inflexible, and resistant to change — often perceived as limiting, outdated, or overly controlling
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adjective • C2 formal/emotional • synonyms: respectful, awed, devout, solemn • reverential tone/silence/gaze; reverential toward tradition/sacred texts • freq in AmE: 4/10
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expressing deep respect, awe, or veneration, especially toward something sacred, admired, or historically significant
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adjective C1 formal/neutral • synonyms: mutual, shared, two-way • reciprocal respect/support/relationship/obligations; reciprocal feelings/responses/benefits; reciprocal arrangement/agreement • freq in AmE: 5/10
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given and received in return; mutual; involving two sides that affect or respond to each other equally
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adjective C1 informal • synonyms: defiant, unpredictable, uncontrolled • rogue state/agent/program/planet; go rogue; rogue mission/faction/element; rogue behavior/process; charming rogue • freq in AmE: 5/10
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behaving in an unpredictable, dishonest, or independent way — often outside accepted norms or control; can imply danger, charm, or defiance depending on context
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adjective C2 formal • synonyms: sturdy, vigorous, hearty • robust health/physique/constitution • remarkably/extremely/particularly robust; remain/stay robust • freq in AmE (this meaning): 5/10
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strong, healthy, and full of energy, used to describe people or animals with good physical condition
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adjective C1 formal • synonyms: strong, solid, durable • robust system/design/structure/method; robust economy/growth/performance • highly/extremely/particularly robust; build something robust • freq in AmE (this meaning): 7/10
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strong, well-constructed, and unlikely to break or fail, used to describe objects, systems, methods, or arguments
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